- The term bruxism describes gnashing and grinding of the teeth occurring without a purpose. It usually happens during sleep, but bruxism during waking hours is often called clenching, usually with no sound. During sleep, it is accompanied by a loud grinding or tapping of the teeth.
- Most patients are usually unaware.
- Bruxism can generate forces up to six times greater than of normal chewing.
- Forces are not well tolerated as they are directly horizontally rather than vertically.
- Most people will grind or clench their teeth at some time in their lives. Only becomes pathological if it causes tooth damage, pain, and sleep disturbance to patient or partner.
Symptoms
- Morning headaches
- Loose teeth
- Toothache on waking
- Facial pain
- Limited opening
- Sensitive teeth
- Broken fillings
- Bite does not feel right
- Tight jaw muscles on waking
- Sounds from grinding
Several factors can contribute to bruxism, including:
- Stress and anxiety: Often a primary trigger.
- Sleep disorders: Like sleep apnea or snoring.
- Medications: Some antidepressants can lead to bruxism.
- Abnormal bite: Misalignment of teeth can contribute.
- Genetics: There may be a family history of bruxism.
Treatment involves dental and physiological strategies:
Dental
- This involves the wearing of hard plastic bite splint or soft splints.
- Botox into the masseter muscles can reduce the excitability of these muscle and over time lead to a reduction. Often you need a course of 2-3 injections over a few months.
Physiological
- Your behavioural reaction to life events can have a significant effect on grinding activity.
- Standard sleep hygiene- avoid coffee, alcohol, smoking and other stimulants in evening at least three hours before bedtime.
- Relaxation (stress management)- rest 60 minutes before bedtime; avoid intense discussions, separate body and mind from the day’s activities. Learn a technique e.g. Yoga or mediation
- Cognitive treatment e.g. Hypnotherapy to relax jaw muscles.
Discuss with our team about how we can help you.
